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Han Li


All About Sandwich Restorations
What is a sandwich? When I first heard the term 'sandwich' in dental school, I was incredibly confused and hungry. At the end of the day,...

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Guidelines for Crown Preparation
Since 1766, when extensive tooth structure was lost, crowns were a valid treatment option. The earliest crowns were made from seasoned...

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Endodontic Examinations & Diagnoses
When it comes to treatment planning in endodontics, you will need to interview the patient, make diagnosis and discuss all the treatment opt

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How does prophylaxis work?
Rinse the teeth well so that they are wet to prevent unnecessary friction and thus over heating the cup. Fill rubber cup at end of Green...

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How should I brush my teeth?
Each brushing technique is designed to address specific oral health concerns, and the choice of the technique can depend on an...

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Oral Hygiene Tests - SBI and API
Sulcus bleeding index (SBI) and approximate plaque index (API) are tested at every appointment. The results are used to reflect the...

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Risk Factors for Periodontal Disease
Understanding the risk factors of periodontal disease greatly benefits dentists and patients. Modifiable risk factors are able to be...

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Periodontal Charting
After PSR, if a score of 3 is given to two or more sextants, or if a score of 4 is given to a sextant, a full periodontal charting will...

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Periodontal Screening & Records
In the 1996 World Workshop in Periodontics, PSR (Periodontal Screening and Recording) was developed. It is a quick and cheap test...

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Staging and Grading Periodontitis
From a 2017 Workshop presented by the American Academy of Periodontology and European Federation of Periodontology, a universal...

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Denture Construction Stages
Removable Dentures both partial and full dentures can be used to replace some or all missing teeth. Dentures can be made up of different...

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What is Kennedy’s Classification?
Kennedy’s Classifications Kennedy’s Classification (1923) groups the patterns of partial edentulism. Partial edentulism is when some of...

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Neurodegenerative Diseases
What are neurodegenerative diseases? In Alzheimer’s disease, there are signs of periodontal disease, denture stomatitis and caries....

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Vaping & E-Cigarettes
What is vaping? Vapes are battery powered devices that heat liquids up into aersols that can be breathed in. Despite its negative effects...

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Endocrine System Disorders
The endocrine system describes the system which makes the chemical messengers named hormones. Hypothalamus The hypothalamus has releasing...

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Managing Older Patients
As medical advancements continue, more people are keeping their teeth for longer. Therefore, as dentists, we need to be able to manage...

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Dental Restorative Materials
RESTORATIONS 1. Consider the need for therapeutic agent If the pulp or the dentinal tubules near the pulp are exposed to external stimuli...

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OPG (OrthoPantomaGram)
Benefits of OPG Diagnose conditions affecting facial bones, teeth and adjacent anatomy (TMJ disorders, bone levels) orthodontics:...

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